Transformer Substation: The majority of the sub-stations in the power system are concerned with the changing of voltage level of electric supply. These are known as Transformer Substation because transformer is the main component employed…
Substation: The assembly of apparatus used to change some characteristic (e.g. voltage, ac. to dc., frequency, p.f. etc.) of electric supply is called a Substation. Sub-stations are important part of power system. The continuity of…
Types of Surge Absorber: The travelling waves set up on the transmission lines by the surges may reach the terminals apparatus and cause damage to it. The amount of damage caused not only depends upon…
Surge Diverter | Lightning Arrester Types: The earthing screen and ground wires can well protect the electrical system against direct lightning strokes but they fail to provide protection against travelling waves which may reach the…
Types of Lightning Strikes: There are two Types of Lightning Strikes may strike the power system (e.g. overhead lines, towers, sub-stations etc.), namely; Direct stroke Indirect stroke 1. Direct stroke: In the direct stroke, the…
Lightning: An electric discharge between cloud and earth, between clouds or between the charge centres of the same cloud is known as lightning. Lightning is a huge spark and takes place when clouds are charged…
Voltage Surge or Transient Voltage: A sudden rise in voltage for a very short duration on the power system is known as a Voltage Surge or Transient Voltage. Transients or surges are of temporary nature…
Distance Protection: Both time-graded and pilot-wire system are not suitable for the protection of very long high voltage transmission lines. The former gives an unduly long time delay in fault clearance at the generating station…
Differential Pilot Wire Protection: The Differential Pilot Wire Protection is based on the principle that under normal conditions, the current entering one end of a line is equal to that leaving the other end. As…
Time Graded Overcurrent Protection: In this scheme of Time Graded Overcurrent Protection, time discrimination is incorporated. In other words, the time setting of relays is so graded that in the event of fault, the smallest…
