Characteristics of Protective Relay: Characteristics of Protective Relay elements using different operating principles. These principles and design criteria determine how well the basic function is performed and how in practice it deviates from the ideal.…
Generator Transformer Protection: Generator Transformer Protection - Protective relays, being component parts of electrical switchgear, should be closely associated with the control section of such systems, e.g. indicating and signalling systems. Thus the signalling and indicating systems must also be designed on…
3 Phase Relays: In a 3 Phase Relays, it is economical to build it on a single phase basis. Thus there will be three converter elements, one for each phase, but thereafter the rest of…
Types of Protective Relays: Basically, Types of Protective Relays are analogue-binary signal converters with measuring functions. The variables such as current, voltage, phase angle or frequency and derived values obtained by differentiation, integration or other…
Static Relay: The term 'static relay' is generally referred to a relay incorporating solid state components like transistors, diodes, resistors, capacitors, etc. In this type of relay, the functions of comparison and measurement are performed…
Basic Principle of Operation of Protective System: Basic Principle of Operation of Protective System - Each relay in a protection scheme performs a certain function and responds in a given manner to a certain type…
Essential Qualities of Protection Systems: Every Protection Systems which isolates a faulty element is required to satisfy four basic requirements: reliability; selectivity; fastness of operation; and discrimination. Without reliability and selectivity the protection would be…
Zone Protection: The Zone Protection is that part of a power system guarded by a certain protection and usually contains one or at the most two elements of the power system. The zones are arranged…
Fault Meaning and Statistics: Fault Meaning and Statistics - It is useful to have some idea of the frequency of the incidence of faults on the different items of equipment in a power system. This information is…
Basic Ideas of Protection Relay: Basic Ideas of Protection Relay should ensure the availability of electrical energy without interruption to every load connected to the system. When the electric power supply is extended to remote…