Negative Feedback Op Amp: Negative Feedback Op Amp - The Inverting Amplifier configuration is shown in Fig. 14.8. The input signal is applied to the inverting terminal. The amplified inverted output is fed back to…
Closed Loop Gain of Non Inverting Amplifier: The circuit shown in Fig. 14.7 is commonly known as a Non-Inverting amplifier with feedback (or closed loop Gain Non-inverting amplifier), because it used a feedback and the…
What is an Operational Amplifier?: An Operational Amplifier is a dc amplifier having a high gain, of the order of 104 - 108. Such an amplifier can perform summing, integration, differentiation, or act as comparator…
Signal Conditioning System: Signal Conditioning System - The measurand, which is basically a physical quantity, is detected by the first stage of the instrumentation or measurement system. The first stage is the detector transducer stage.…
Measurements of Thickness using Beta Gauge: Beta Gauge - A common and characteristic feature of a radioactive element is that they disintegrate spontaneously to produce fresh radioactive elements called daughter elements. This activity of parent…
Turbine Flow Meter Working Principle: Turbine Flow Meter Working Principle - The Turbine Flow Meter is used for the measurement of liquid gas and gases of very low flow rate. It works on the principle…
Magnetic Flow Meters: Magnetic Flow Meters are the first type of flowmeters to be considered for high corrosive applications and for applications involving measurement of erosive slurries. These meters work on the principle of Faraday's…
Flow Measurement (Mechanical Transducers): The measurement of flow rate and quantity is the oldest of all measurements of process variables in the field of instrumentation. It is used to determine the amount of materials flowing…
Ultrasonic Transducer: Ultrasonic Transducer (sound vibrations above 20 kHz) are useful when we are concerned with rapid temperature fluctuations, temperature extremes, limited access, nuclear or other severe environmental requirements and measurement of temperature distribution inside…
Optical Pyrometer Working Principle: Optical Pyrometer Working Principle - Any metallic surface when heated emits radiation of different wavelengths which are not visible at low temperature but at about 550 °C, radiations in shorter wavelength…
