Ebers Moll Model for PNP Transistor: Device modelling aims at relating physical device parameters to device terminal characteristics. Device modelling is especially important for integrated circuits, since simple and accurate device models are required to…
Base Spreading Resistance: With two depletion layers penetrating the base, the base holes are confined to the thin region of P-type semiconductor illustrated in Fig. 10.12. The resistance of this thin region (or section) is…
Current Amplification Factor: There are two current amplification factors, the alpha factor (α) and the beta factor (β) defined below : The alpha factor (α) is also called the current amplification factor and is the…
Explain Transistor Current Components: The various transistor current components which flow across the forward-biased emitter junction and reverse biased collector junction are indicated in Fig. 10.11. The current flowing into the emitter is referred to…
Important Points Regarding Working of Transistors: The noteworthy points regarding working of transistors are summarized below. 1. Current conduction in N-P-N transistor is by electrons and the conventional current flow will be in the opposite…
What is Transistor Biasing? - Types of Biasing As already mentioned, for normal operation of a transistor emitter-base junction is always forward biased and collector-base junction is always reverse biased. For a moment if the…
Transistor Action : Operation of PNP Transistor: Transistor action - Transistors of both types (P-N-P and N-P-N) behave exactly in the same way except change in biasing and majority carriers. In P-N-P transistors the conduction…
Transistor Terminals (Emitter, Collector and Base): As mentioned already, transistor is a single crystal in which there are two P-N junctions, as shown in Fig. 10.1. The idea behind is to have first section to…
Transistor Construction: The transistor construction consists of a silicon or germanium (preferably silicon because of its smaller cutoff current ICBO, smaller variations in ICBO due to variations in temperature and higher operating temperature) crystal in which…
Three Phase Rectifiers: Three-Phase Half-Wave Rectifier : Figure 9.11 illustrates a circuit for a 3-phase half-wave rectifier. The three diodes are connected to the three phases of a 3-phase transformer star-connected secondary. Neutral point N…
