Colpitts Oscillator using Op Amp: The Colpitts Oscillator using Op Amp circuit show in Fig. 16-4 is similar to the op-amp phase shift oscillator, except that an LC network is used to produce the necessary…
RC Phase Shift Oscillator Circuit Diagram: Figure 16-1 shows the RC Phase Shift Oscillator Circuit Diagram, which consists of an inverting amplifier and an RC phase-shifting network. The amplifier phase-shifts its input by -180°, and…
Circuit Stability Precautions: Power Supply Decoupling - Feedback along supply lines is another source of op-amp circuit instability. This can be minimized by connecting 0.01 μF high-frequency capacitors from each supply terminal to ground (see…
Load Capacitance Effect: Capacitance connected at the output of an operational amplifier is termed Load Capacitance Effect (CL). Figure 15-20 shows that CLÂ is in series with the op-amp output resistance (ro), so CL and ro…
Stray Capacitance Effects: Stray Capacitance Effects (Cs) at the input terminals of an operational amplifier effectively introduces an additional phase-lag network in the feedback loop, (see Fig. 15-17), thus making the op-amp circuit unstable. Stray…
Op Amp Circuit Bandwidth and Slew Rate Test: Low Cutoff Frequency - Op Amp Circuit Bandwidth and Slew Rate Test are direct-coupled internally, so where they are employed in direct-coupled applications, the circuit lower cutoff…
Frequency Compensation Methods: Phase-Lag and Phase-Lead Compensation - Lag compensation and lead compensation are two Frequency Compensation Methods often employed to stabilize op-amp circuits. The phase-lag network in Fig. 15-7(a) introduces additional phase lag at…
Operational Amplifier Circuit Stability: Loop Gain and Loop Phase Shift - Consider the inverting amplifier circuit and waveforms in Fig. 15-Â1(a). The signal voltage voltage (vs) is amplified by a factor R2/R1, and phase shifted…
Schmitt Trigger Circuit Diagram: Inverting Schmitt Trigger - A Schmitt Trigger Circuit Diagram is a fast-operating voltage level detector. When the input voltage arrives at a level determined by the circuit components, the output voltage…
Voltage Level Detectors: Voltage Level Detectors - Operational amplifiers are often used in circuits in which the output is switched between the positive and negative saturation voltages, +Vo(sat) and -+Vo(sat). The actual voltage change that occurs…
