Summing, Scaling and Averaging Amplifier: The most useful of the op-amp circuits employed in analog computers is the summing amplifier circuit. This circuit can be used to add ac or dc signals. This circuit provides an output voltage proportional to or … (Read More)

Voltage to Current Converter Circuit: Occasionally in industrial electronics, it is necessary to provide a current proportional to certain voltage, even though the load impedance may vary. A circuit which can perform this job, is called a Voltage to Current Converter … (Read More)

Current to Voltage Converter Circuit: A device that produces a voltage proportional to input signal current is called a Current to Voltage Converter Circuit. The circuit arrangement is shown in Fig. 36.27. In this circuit, a photocell or photomultiplier tube that provides … (Read More)

Voltage Controlled Voltage Source (VCVS) Circuit: An ideal form of a voltage source, whose output voltage Vout is controlled by an input voltage Vin, is given in Fig. 36.33. The output voltage is seen to be dependent on the input voltage (times … (Read More)

Voltage Controlled Current Source (VCCS) Circuit: An ideal form of a current source, whose output current Iout is controlled by an input voltage is shown in Fig. 36.35. Here, the output current Iout is dependent on input voltage Vin. A practical circuit can … (Read More)

Current Controlled Voltage Source (CCVS) Circuit: An ideal form of Current Controlled Voltage Source (CCVS) Circuit providing an output voltage controlled by an input current is shown in Fig. 36.37. The output voltage Vout is dependent on the input current Iin. A practical … (Read More)

Current Controlled Current Source (CCCS) Circuit: An ideal form of a Current Controlled Current Source (CCCS) Circuit by an input current is shown in Fig. 36.39. Such a circuit provides an output current dependent on the input current. A practical form of … (Read More)