Transistor Testing Circuit: In-Circuit Testing - A quick test to check if a transistor is operational can be performed while the device is still connected in a circuit. Consider Fig.…
CE Transistor Characteristics: Common Emitter Circuit - Figure 4-26 shows a circuit for determining CE Transistor Characteristics. The input voltage is applied between the B and E terminals, and the…
Common Base Transistor Characteristics: To investigate the Common Base Transistor Characteristics of a diode (a two-terminal device), several levels of forward or reverse bias voltage are applied and the resulting…
Transistor Operation: pnp and npn Transistor Operation - A junction transistor is simply a sandwich of one type of semiconductor material (p-type or n-type) between two layers of the opposite type.…
Diode Logic Circuits: A Diode Logic Circuits produces an output voltage which is either high or low, depending upon the levels of several input voltages. The two basic logic circuits…
Clamping Circuit: Negative and Positive Voltage Clamping Circuits - A clamping circuit, also known as a dc restorer, changes the dc voltage level of a waveform, but does not affect…
Diode Series Clipper Circuit: The function of a Diode Series Clipper Circuit (or limiter) is to clip off an unwanted portion of a waveform. This is sometimes necessary to protect…
Half Wave Rectifier with Capacitor Filter: Half Wave Rectifier with Capacitor Filter - When a sinusoidal alternating voltage is rectified, the resultant waveform is a series of positive (or negative)…