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System Grounding

System Grounding: The process of connecting some electrical part of the power system (e.g. neutral point of a star-connected system, one conductor of the secondary of a transformer etc.) to…

Types of Surge Absorber

Types of Surge Absorber: The travelling waves set up on the transmission lines by the surges may reach the terminals apparatus and cause damage to it. The amount of damage…

Surge Diverter | Lightning Arrester Types: The earthing screen and ground wires can well protect the electrical system against direct lightning strokes but they fail to provide protection against travelling…

Types of Lightning Strikes

Types of Lightning Strikes: There are two Types of Lightning Strikes may strike the power system (e.g. overhead lines, towers, sub-stations etc.), namely; Direct stroke Indirect stroke 1. Direct stroke:…

Differential Relay

Differential Relay: Most of the relays discussed so far relied on excess of current for their operation. Such relays are less sensitive because they cannot make correct distinction between heavy…

Distance Relays or Impedance Relays

Distance Relays or Impedance Relays: The operation of the relays discussed so far depended upon the magnitude of current or power in the protected circuit. However, there is another group…

Protective Relay

Protective Relay: A Protective Relay is a device that detects the fault and initiates the operation of the circuit breaker to isolate the defective element from the rest of the…

Location of Reactors in Power System

Location of Reactors in Power System: Short circuit current limiting Location of Reactors in Power System may be connected in series with each generator in series with each feeder and…