Digital Communications Articles: Digital Fundamentals: The meaning of the term “digital” is fundamental to an understanding of the benefits of digital technology. Digital Fundamentals data must be compared with analog…
Network Protocols in Digital Communication: "Intelligent" (microprocessor-controlled) switching systems have become the hubs of intelligent networks. Terminal devices and line connection equipment have also been given microprocessor "brains," and thus…
Centralized Switched Telephone Network: Centralized Switched Telephone Network - As data systems have increased in number and complexity, it has become increasingly important to provide for their proper and orderly…
Data Communication Circuit using Modem: Data Communication Circuit using Modem - The name modem is a contraction of the term MOdulator and DEModulator. As the name implies, both functions are…
Measurement of Information in Communication System: Having said what information is not (it is not meaning), we now state specifically what information is. Accordingly, information is defined as the choice…
Pulsed Ruby Laser: The Pulsed Ruby Laser is similar to the ruby cavity maser, to some extent, in that stimulation is applied to raise the chromium atoms to a higher…
Pin Diode Construction: The Pin Diode Construction consists of a narrow layer of p-type semiconductor separated from an equally narrow layer of n-type material by a somewhat thicker region of…
Tunnel Diode Applications: In all its Tunnel Diode Applications, the tunnel diode should be loosely coupled to its tuned circuit. With lumped components, this is done by means of a…