Capacitance Voltage Dividers: Capacitance voltage dividers are ideal for measurement of fast rising voltages and pulses. The capacitance ratio is independent of the frequency, if their leakage resistance is high…
Generation of Impulse Current Generator Output Waveform: Lightning discharges involve both high voltage impulses and high current impulses on transmission lines. Protective gear like surge diverters have to discharge the…
Generation of Switching Surges: Nowadays in extra high voltage transmission lines and power systems, switching surges is an important factor that affects the design of insulation. All transmission lines rated…
Standard Impulse Wave Shapes: Transient overvoltages due to lighting and switching surges cause steep build-up of voltage on transmission lines and other electrical apparatus. Experimental investigations showed that these waves…
Corona Discharges: If the electric field is uniform, a gradual increase in voltage across a gap produces a breakdown of the gap in the form of a spark without any…
Substation: The assembly of apparatus used to change some characteristic (e.g. voltage, ac. to dc., frequency, p.f. etc.) of electric supply is called a Substation. Sub-stations are important part of…
Types of Surge Absorber: The travelling waves set up on the transmission lines by the surges may reach the terminals apparatus and cause damage to it. The amount of damage…
Types of Lightning Strikes: There are two Types of Lightning Strikes may strike the power system (e.g. overhead lines, towers, sub-stations etc.), namely; Direct stroke Indirect stroke 1. Direct stroke:…