Power Frequency Overvoltages in Power Systems: The Power Frequency Overvoltages occur in large power systems and they are of much concern in EHV systems, i.e. systems of 400 kV and…
Switching Surges in Transmission Line: Till the time when the transmission voltages were about 220 kV and below, over-voltages due to lightning were of very high order and overvoltages generated…
Cascade Transformer Connection: Figure 6.10 shows the Cascade Transformer Connection units in which the first transformer is at the ground potential along with its tank. The second transformer is kept…
Capacitance Voltage Transformer: The errors due to harmonic voltages can be eliminated by the use of capacitive voltage dividers with an electrostatic voltmeter or a high impedance meter such as…
Key Diagram of Substation 66/11KV: Fig. 25.10 shows the key diagram of a typical 66/11 kV sub-station. The Key Diagram of Substation can be explained as under: 1. There are…
Equipments in Transformer Substation: The Equipments in Transformer Substation depends upon the type of sub-station, service requirement and the degree of protection desired. However, in general, the Equipments in Transformer…
Induction Type Directional Power Relay: This Induction Type Directional Power Relay operates when power in the circuit flows in a specific direction Unlike a non-directional overcurrent relay, a directional power…
AC Distribution System: Now-a-days electrical energy is generated, transmitted and distributed in the form of alternating current. One important reason for the widespread use of alternating current in preference to…