Introduction to Static Relays Articles: Characteristic Functions of Protection Relay : Characteristic Functions of Protection Relay elements using different operating principles. These principles and design criteria determine how well the…

Neutral Grounding in Power System Articles: Grounding or Earthing : The process of connecting the metallic frame (i.e. non-current carrying part) of electrical equipment or some electrical part of the…

Measurement of High Voltage and Currents Articles: Series Resistance Microammeter: High d.c. voltages are usually measured by connecting a very high resistance (few hundreds of megaohms) in Series Resistance Microammeter…

Voltmeters and Multimeters Articles: DC Meter: The most commonly used dc meter is based on the fundamental principle of the motor. The motor action is produced by the flow of…

Transducers Articles: Electrical Transducer: A transducer is defined as a device that receives energy from one system and transmits it to another, often in a different form. Broadly defined, the…

Recorders in Electronic Instrumentation Articles: Definition of Recorder: A recorder is a measuring instrument that displays a time-varying signal in a form easy to examine, even after the original signal…

Measuring Instruments in Electronic Instrumentation Articles: Output Power Meter Working Principle: The Output Power Meter Working Principle is designed to directly measure the output power in an arbitrary load. The…

Indicators and Display Devices Articles: Different Types of Ammeters and Voltmeters: The following are the different types of ammeters and voltmeters in measuring instruments are PMMC Moving Iron Electrodynamometer Hot…