Pulse Width Modulation(PWM): Pulse width modulation of PTM is also often called Pulse Duration Modulation (PDM). In this system, shown in Fig. 18.8, we have a fixed amplitude and starting…
What is an Operational Amplifier?: An Operational Amplifier is a dc amplifier having a high gain, of the order of 104 - 108. Such an amplifier can perform summing, integration,…
Semiconductor Temperature Sensing Diode: Semiconductor Temperature Sensing Diode is a versatile device and finds use in many applications. Two of its parameter, that is forward voltage drop (Vf)Â and reverse saturation…
Potentiometric Recorder Working Principle (Multipoint): Potentiometric Recorder Working Principle - The thermocouple or millivolt signal is amplified by a non-inverting MOSFET, chopper stabilized, feedback amplifier. This configuration has a very…
Transistor Tester and its characteristics: The term Transistor Tester (or analyser) used in this text is for instruments giving quantative measurements of transistor parameters. The tester should be able to…
Horizontal Deflection System in CRO: The Horizontal Deflection System in CRO consist of a Time Base Generator and an output amplifier. Sweep or Time Base Generator: A continuous sweep CRO…
Vertical Amplifier: The sensitivity (gain) and frequency bandwidth (B.W.) response characteristics of the oscilloscope are mainly determined by the vertical amplifier. Since the gain B.W. product is constant, to obtain…
True RMS Voltmeter: True RMS Voltmeter - Complex waveform are most accurately measured with an rms voltmeter. This instrument produces a meter indication by sensing waveform heating power, which is…