Static Amplitude Comparator: If the two input signals are S1 and S2 the amplitude comparator gives positive (yes) output only if S2/S1 ≤ K (Fig. (11.1)), S1 is the operating quantity…
Summation Device: Summation transformers and sequence networks as already discussed can combine a number of electrical quantities into a single quantity. The operational amplifier is commonly used as a mixer…
Static Relays Basics and Classification: A Static Relays Basics refers to a relay in which the measurement or comparison of electrical quantities is done in a static network which is…
Unbalanced Loading Protection of Generator: Unbalanced Loading Protection of Generator - Whatever be the cause of the unbalance it is obvious that the negative phase sequence current will result in…
Phase Comparison Carrier Protection: The phase comparison pilot-relaying operates on the principle of comparing the phase position of the currents at the two ends of the protected section. The Phase…
Current and Voltage Connection in Distance Relay: It is essential for the distance relay to measure the same distance between the fault and the relay under any type of fault…
Differential Relay Application: The principle of operation depends on a simple circulating current principle where the difference of the currents of the two CTs flows through the relay under normal…
Derivation of Single Phase Quantity from Three Phase System: It will be seen later that auxiliary channels or pilot wires are used to transmit information from one end of the…