Maximum Power Transfer Theorem: Here, the maximum power transfer theorem has been discussed for resistive loads. The maximum power transfer theorem states that the maximum power is delivered from a…
Basic Static Relays in Protective System Articles: Basic Elements of Static Relay : The basic elements of a static relay are namely, Input Element: Mixing circuits are needed to sum…
Basic Components of Static Relays Articles Semiconductor Diodes in Static Relays: The pn junction has rectifying characteristics as shown in Fig. (10.1). If a source of emf is connected to…
Static Protective Relay Articles: Electronic Relays : Electronic Relays – These were the first to be developed in the series of static relays. They date back to early 1928 when…
Basic Elements of Static Relay: The basic elements of a static relay are namely, Input Element: Mixing circuits are needed to sum the input signals in a convenient form. Semiconductor…
Summation Device: Summation transformers and sequence networks as already discussed can combine a number of electrical quantities into a single quantity. The operational amplifier is commonly used as a mixer…
Square Wave Generators: Diode clippers can be used to remove the curved portion of the sinusoidal wave to give square waves. The operational amplifier together with an integrator, can be…
Smoothing Circuits: The rectified a.c. consists of a series of undirectional half waves of current or voltage. It is generally desirable to smooth this output. The various filters used for…