Phase Comparator Circuit: Phase Comparator Circuit technique is the most widely used for all practical directional, distance, differential and carrier relays. If the two input signals are S1 and S2…
Zero Crossing Detector Circuit: Zero Crossing Detector Circuit basically involves the sine to square wave conversion by a level detector circuit followed by a pulse circuit, which consists of one…
Sampling Circuits: Sampling Circuits is one which allows a comparison of instantaneous values derived at different instants of time, thereby dispensing with the need to phase shift and mix signals…
Smoothing Circuits: The rectified a.c. consists of a series of undirectional half waves of current or voltage. It is generally desirable to smooth this output. The various filters used for…
Logic Circuit in Static Relay: The concept of Logic Circuit in Static Relay can be better understood by considering the logic operations performed by the devices rather than the actual…
Hall Effect Relay Circuit: Hall Effect Relay Circuit is utilized to give a phase comparator. The effect is very predominant in certain semiconductors such as indium arsenide, indium antimonide, indium…
Selection of Distance Relay: The factors to be considered for the Selection of Distance Relay scheme can be enumerated as follows: Speed of operation. Measuring relay characteristics. Fault coverage. Economic…
Current and Voltage Connection in Distance Relay: It is essential for the distance relay to measure the same distance between the fault and the relay under any type of fault…