Distance Protection: Both time-graded and pilot-wire system are not suitable for the protection of very long high voltage transmission lines. The former gives an unduly long time delay in fault…
Differential Pilot Wire Protection: The Differential Pilot Wire Protection is based on the principle that under normal conditions, the current entering one end of a line is equal to that…
Busbar Protection: Busbars and lines are important elements of electric power system and require the immediate attention of protection engineers for safeguards against the possible faults occurring on them. The…
Earth Fault Protection or Leakage Protection: An Earth Fault Protection usually involves a partial breakdown of winding insulation to earth. The resulting leakage current is considerably less than the short-circuit…
Buchholz Relay: Buchholz Relay is a gas-actuated relay installed in oil immersed transformers for protection against all kinds of faults. Named after its inventor, Buchholz, it is used to give an…
Balanced Earth Fault Protection: In small-size alternators, the neutral ends of the three-phase windings are often connected internally to a single terminal. Therefore, it is not possible to use Merz-Price…
Differential Protection of Alternators: The most common system used for the protection of stator winding faults employs circulating-current principle (Refer back to Art. 21.18). In this scheme of Differential Protection…
Protection of Alternators: The generating units, especially the larger ones, are relatively few in number and higher in individual cost than most other equipment's. Therefore, it is desirable and necessary…