Impatt Diode Working: IMPATT Diode Working is a combination of delay involved in generating avalanche current multiplication, together with delay due to transit time through a drift space, provides the…
Fabrication of Integrated Circuits Articles: Integrated Circuit Definition: Integrated Circuit Definition referred as microelectronics, is the result of continued improvements in the characteristics and miniaturizations employed in solid state devices…
Attenuation and  Distortion of Travelling Waves: As a Travelling Waves moves along a line, it suffers both attenuation and distortion. The decrease in the magnitude of the wave as it…
Collision Process in Gases: An electrical discharge is normally created from unionised gas by Collision Process in Gases. These processes are mainly gas processes which occur due to the collision…
Reverse Bias PN Junction: When an external bias voltage is applied to a pn-junction, positive to the n-side and negative to the pride, electrons from the n-side are attracted to…
PN Junction Semiconductor: Two blocks of PN Junction Semiconductor material are represented in Fig. 1-17; one block is p-type material, and the other is n-type. The small circles in the…
P Type and N Type Semiconductor: Doping : Pure semiconductor material is known as intrinsic material. Before intrinsic material can be used for device manufacture, impurity atoms must be added…
pH Measurement Methods: pH is defined as the negative logarithm of the active hydrogen ion. It is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of an aqueous solution. The pH…