Varactor Diode Operation and Characteristics: Varactor Diode Operation and Characteristics were first used in the early 1950s as simple voltage-variable capacitance and later for frequency modulation of oscillators. They thus…
Frequency Changing and Tracking in Receivers: The mixer is a nonlinear device having two sets of input terminals and one set of output terminals. The signal from the antenna or…
Generation of Frequency Modulation: The Generation of Frequency Modulation system is a variable output frequency, with the variation proportional to the instantaneous amplitude of the modulating voltage. The subsidiary requirements…
Peak Reading Voltmeter Circuit: Sometimes it is enough if the Peak Reading Voltmeter Circuit of an impulse voltage wave is measured; its waveshape might already be known or fixed by…
Three phase half controlled bridge circuit: This is obtained by a series connection of a 3 pulse controlled converter and a 3 pulse uncontrolled one. The three arms of the…
Three pulse midpoint converter: These are basically three-phase converters, and are very popular because a 3-phase supply is readily available. 3-phase converters have a greater power capability than single phase…
Characteristics of Protective Relay: Characteristics of Protective Relay elements using different operating principles. These principles and design criteria determine how well the basic function is performed and how in practice…
Bolometer: Bolometric measurements are based on the dissipation of RF power in a small temperature sensitive resistive element, called a Bolometer. This bolometer may be a short ultra thin wire…