Insulation Coordination of Substation: For steep fronted lightning waves at Insulation Coordination of Substation and at different points on lines, the voltages at sub-stations may exceed the protective level depending…
Selection of Surge Arresters: These are non-linear resistors in series with spark gaps which act as fast switches. A Selection of Surge Arresters or lightning arrester is shown in Fig.…
Attenuation and  Distortion of Travelling Waves: As a Travelling Waves moves along a line, it suffers both attenuation and distortion. The decrease in the magnitude of the wave as it…
Mathematical Model of Lightning Stroke: During the charge formation process, the cloud may be considered to be a nonÂconductor. Hence, various potentials may be assumed at different parts of the…
Lightning Stroke Definition | Mechanism of Lightning Strokes: Lightning Stroke Definition explains that when the electric field intensity at some point in the charge concentrated cloud exceeds the breakdown value…
Simpson Theory of Lightning: The factors that contribute to the formation or accumulation of charge in the clouds are too many and uncertain. But during thunderstorms, positive and negative charges…
Cathode Ray Oscillograph for Impulse Measurements: Modern Cathode Ray Oscillograph for Impulse Measurements are sealed tube, hot cathode oscilloscopes with photographic arrangement for recording the waveforms. The cathode ray oscilloscope for impulse…
Tripping of Impulse Generator: In large impulse generator, the spark gaps are generally sphere gaps or gaps formed by hemispherical electrodes. The gaps are arranged such that sparking of one…