What are Passive Filters?: Passive filters are mainly networks using inductors, capacitors and resistors. The classical theory employed was based on the image parameter theory which in turn was based…
Transistor Chopper Circuit: Transistor Chopper Circuit - A single transistor used as a dynamic switch to convert low level dc signal to an ac waveform is shown in Fig. 14.34.…
Magnetic Modulator: The most reliable substitutes for electromechanical choppers are magnetic modulators. These devices reach a null stability as low as 10 μV, but their response time is often less…
Differential Instrumentation Amplifier Transducer Bridge: Figure 14.25 shows a simplified circuit of a Differential Instrumentation Amplifier Transducer Bridge. In this circuit a resistive transducer (whose resistance changes as a function…
Differentiator using Op Amp: A Differentiator using Op Amp circuit that performs the mathematical operation of differÂentiation. It produces an output voltage proportional to slope of the input voltÂage. A…
Measurements of Thickness using Beta Gauge: Beta Gauge - A common and characteristic feature of a radioactive element is that they disintegrate spontaneously to produce fresh radioactive elements called daughter…
Pyrometer Working Principle: When temperature being measured is very high and physical contact with the medium to be measured is impossible or impractical, optical pyrometer based on the principle of…
Semiconductor Temperature Sensing Diode: Semiconductor Temperature Sensing Diode is a versatile device and finds use in many applications. Two of its parameter, that is forward voltage drop (Vf)Â and reverse saturation…