Null Type Recorder: These Null Type Recorder Working Principle of self-balancing or null conditions. When an input is given to the measuring circuit of the recorder from a sensor or transducer,…
Galvanometer Type Recorder: The D'Arsonval movement used in moving coil indicating instruments can also provide the movement in a Galvanometer Type Recorder. The D'Arsonval movement consists of a moving coil…
Bridge Controlled Error Detection: Bridge Controlled Error Detection - Whenever a bridge is unbalanced, a potential difference exists at its output terminal. The potential difference causes current to flow through…
pH Measurement Methods: pH is defined as the negative logarithm of the active hydrogen ion. It is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of an aqueous solution. The pH…
Digital Fourier Analyzer: The basic principle of a Digital Fourier Analyzer is shown in Fig. 9.14. The Digital Fourier Analyzer converts the analogue waveform over time period T into N…
Spectrum Analyzer Block Diagram: Spectrum Analyzer Block Diagram - The most common way of observing signals is to display them on an oscilloscope, with time as the X-axis (i.e. amplitude…
Harmonic Distortion Analyzer: A Harmonic Distortion Analyzer measures the total harmonic power present in the test wave rather than the distortion caused by each component. The simplest method is to…
Heterodyne Wave Analyzer: Wave analyzers are useful for measurement in the audio frequency range only. For measurements in the RF range and above (MHz range), an ordinary wave analyzer cannot…