Read Only Memory (ROM)

Read Only Memory (ROM): A Read Only Memory (ROM) is a device that includes both the decoder and the OR gates within a single IC package. The Fig. 3.82 shows…

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NVRAM (Non Volatile Random Access Memory)

NVRAM (Non Volatile Random Access Memory): NVRAM (Non Volatile Random Access Memory)- It is Non Volatile Ram. It created by the combination of a static RAM and an electrically erasable…

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Combinational Circuit

Combinational Circuit | Block Diagram | Design Procedure: When logic gates are connected together to produce a specified output for certain specified combinations of input variables, with no storage involved,…

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Square Wave Generator Using Op amp

Square Wave Generator Using Op amp: The Square Wave Generator Using Op amp means the astable multivibrator circuit using op-amp, which generates the square wave of required frequency. The Fig.…

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First Order Low Pass Butterworth Filter

First Order Low Pass Butterworth Filter: The first order low pass butterworth filter is realized by R-C circuit used along with an op-amp, used in the noninverting configuration. The circuit…

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Filters in Linear Integrated Circuits

Filters in Linear Integrated Circuits: The Filters in Linear Integrated Circuits can be represented in the time domain and frequency domain as shown in Fig. 2.73 (a) and (b). As…

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Diffusion Process in IC Fabrication

Diffusion Process in IC Fabrication: Diffusion is the oldest technique used to add impurity into the Substrate. The main aim of the Diffusion Process in IC Fabrication is to change  the…

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