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Recovery Voltage

Recovery Voltage: Recovery Voltage - While closing or opening the circuit breaker, the circuit constants play an important role. It was noticed in practice a circuit breaker that would operate…

Differential Protection Relay in Power System

Differential Protection Relay in Power System: A Differential Protection Relay in Power System scheme compares quantities derived from the input and output currents of the protected circuit in such a…

Static Amplitude Comparator

Static Amplitude Comparator: If the two input signals are S1 and S2 the amplitude comparator gives positive (yes) output only if S2/S1 ≤ K (Fig. (11.1)), S1 is the operating quantity…

Summation Device

Summation Device: Summation transformers and sequence networks as already discussed can combine a number of electrical quantities into a single quantity. The operational amplifier is commonly used as a mixer…

Smoothing Circuits

Smoothing Circuits: The rectified a.c. consists of a series of undirectional half waves of current or voltage. It is generally desirable to smooth this output. The various filters used for…

Transistor Use in Static Relay

Transistor Use in Static Relay: Transistor Use in Static Relay - In its simplest form, it consists of two pn junction diodes coupled together by a very thin common base,…

Transistor Relays

Transistor Relays: These are the most widely accepted type of static relays, so much so that when we say static relays, we can safely infer transistor relays only. The transistor…

General Methods of Testing Protective Gear

General Methods of Testing Protective Gear: The General Methods of Testing Protective Gear are namely, Primary Injection, Secondary Injection, Measurement of Time, Primary Injection: These tests are limited by the…